The effect of closeness on Japanese L2 English learners’ use of emoji

This study investigates the use of emoji by Japanese learners English in discussion forums. Specifically, forums refer to online conversations on LINE smartphone application. The investigations answer research question: “What is effect closeness learners’ rate discussion?”. aims are pursued gauging perceived with each other via a questionnaire five levels from one five; rating closest and most distant. Following this, weeks discussions investigated, analyzing total 123 messages, which contain 10,081 words 578 emoji. participants 25 second-year students who enrolled at middle-ranking university. They two classes, consisting 21 females four males total. find higher being employed relationships identified as more concludes that L2 may also employ distant relationships, where interactants be attempting reduce social distance between other.